Arakasi said:
Nope, people with anti-social personality disorder (aka psychopaths) don't necessarily have that and they're still counted as people.
T0ad 0f Truth said:
What makes something a person?
That is a difficult philosophical question. Peter Singer tackles it fairly well, and basically sums up that at some arbitrary (yet probably non-baby) point, we consider a child a person. But of course, it is entirely arbitrary. I really wouldn't consider a baby a person until it began stringing together words in a manner that is not simply mimicry.
T0ad 0f Truth said:
And what does "barely a person" mean anyway? You either are or you aren't.
One could contain some features of being a person and not others. Obviously you can look at it in a black and white way, but that wasn't my intent.
What about children who are mute, or blind and deaf? They could easily reach a certain age and not be able to string words together.
It's true that some people are (terrifyingly) born without the ability to make moral judgments, but I would posit that that doesn't disqualify them from personhood. After all, these people are able to master language, understand abstract and metaphorical concepts, and so forth. And they are capable of coming to understanding the abstract concepts of morality, even if they don't agree with them or feel them in their hearts.
What about an adult who, with a previously fully functional brain, intellect, etc., suffered a stroke or head trauma and lost the ability to speak or understand language? Are they still a person?
If there are degrees of personhood, what does that mean?
If personhood is more black and white, and you either are or you aren't, can you be a person and yet not have one or more qualities associated with personhood?
If this is the Peter Singer you're talking about:
http://www.equip.org/articles/peter-singers-bold-defense-of-infanticide/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Singer
http://www.independentliving.org/docs5/singer.html
Then I can see where you're coming from, though I must disagree with it. By his definition of personhood, people suffering from some forms of Alzheimer or dementia aren't persons. I don't agree with that, or with the idea that babies aren't persons until they reach a certain level of self-awareness. Also by his reasoning, my parents would have been justified in killing me after I was born; I required six weeks in the NICU, barely lived, and am now living with permanent disability. But I don't regret having been alive, nor being alive now, and I certainly don't think my parents have regretted having me for one moment.