Mandalore_15 said:
At what stage do you consider it to be "a child" though? As soon as the egg is fertilised and it's effectively a single-celled organism with the potential to become a human being, or later after it's developed more?
Well, there are many different ways of looking at the human condition. One can say a person is a member of the human species if they are capable of producing fertile offspring (though this is, of course, only one of many possible biological criteria re. speciation), but I don't think a person who is not so capable has any lesser right to life (nor have I ever seen anyone else claim this). One can say that a person capable of communicating through speech has reached an important milestone in becoming a member of the human community, and the ability certainly enriches their human life, but that doesn't mean that someone who cannot do so is excluded from that community and thus deprived of the right to life. There are many things that make us human, but, in my opinion, no real grounds for depriving anyone of that most fundamental right.
So: is the human being in the first moment of conception fully human according to every definition that we might possibly use, taking into account all the myriad abilities that humans can have? I don't think so, but then again neither are most of us. We grow towards a full richness of humanity after birth as well as before it. ("Viability" is a criterion often thrown around in the right to life debate, but a newborn infant isn't capable of fending for itself - we still acknowledge and protect his or her right to life. There are lots of ways in which newborns match up to the unborn in this respect, but thankfully we still protect newborns' lives.) Ultimately, if human life does not begin at conception then it does not begin anywhere. There is no other single moment we can point towards that is so clear; all others are much more ambiguous. (And while many fertilised eggs meet a natural end before they can develop much further, this isn't a grounds for abortion - no more than the fact that people die of natural causes every day all over the world gives us the right to kill anyone we wish.) And, ultimately, the attempt to chip away at the rights of any human being to life on the grounds that they are not sufficiently like ourselves in their appearance and abilities always ends up diminishing us all. We have no shortage of examples from history to show us that. So I believe it's better to argue for the right to life of this tiny being than to erode it.
Mandalore_15 said:
I'm not asking these questions to be hostile or anything, I'm just interested in your views.
Your tone is not hostile at all, so I don't interpret your words that way. Hopefully I come across that way too. A respectful debate is a great thing that I always enjoy.
Mandalore_15 said:
I think there's one point I disagree on though and that the 100% effectiveness thing... while there are labels etc. on contraceptives that warn of these things, the fact is that doctors have been giving lots of young women the implant and giving them the strong impression that it is pretty much 100% effective... I think people have to live their lives with some guarantees.
Your wording here is interesting. You say that people have to live their life with some kind of guarantee, but clearly on this subject there is no such thing. (If there was, this issue would be quite different.) Are people supposed to assure themselves of some kind of fiction in order to relieve themselves of responsibility for their choices - in order to make life easier for themselves in some bland, cowardly way? This actually seems to me a retreat from the challenges of full humanity.
It's true that doctors issue pills, implants, and other contraception to many people, giving them a strong impression of their effectiveness. Well, they often are effective (particularly when people combine a number of methods that don't interfere with each other's operating method, e.g. condom plus the pill rather than just one or the other), so that is a fair reflection of the facts. But if any of them claim that they are actually 100% effective (with no exceptions - not "pretty much 100% effective," which I think is a contradiction in terms), then they are lying. And I think a person has responsibility to check up on such matters if a doctor gives them such a (false) assurance, just as we have the responsibility to fact-check anything important in order to be sure of it.
Mandalore_15 said:
If not [i.e. in the absence of guarantees], they'd never have sex ever, and what kind of life would that be?
No, not at all. If people thought about the reality of the situation and accepted that only they are responsible for their own actions, then they would only have sex when they are willing to accept their duty of care over any child they might have, regardless of the fact that their chances of having a child might actually be minuscule due to contraception being used. (A minuscule chance is still a chance; if I shoot a gun into an apparently deserted field and still happen to hit someone, I have responsibility to help them even though I didn't mean to shoot them.)
Personally, I am acquainted with a small number of people who used contraception and still had children (two couples who are still together, and one single mother). They took every care to follow the methods of contraception, but when those didn't work in spite of such care they stepped up their responsibilities and became wonderful parents. Although parenthood has made life more difficult for all of them, they all also say that it's the best thing that ever happened to them. If a person thinks they can't do that, then it's up to them to restrain themselves. Sorry if this sounds unpalatable or unrealistic (or both), but I believe sex is for adults and I think two of the main criteria for adulthood are wisdom and courage: taking account of all available knowledge when making a decision, and then accepting responsibility for one's actions even if it ends up being very difficult. This is why I have chosen not to have sex with anyone until marriage, even though I am naturally very curious about sex, interested in it, and generally eager: personally, I want any child I might have to be conceived and raised within marriage, so it falls upon me to follow this course of action. Now not everyone will care so much for marriage, but everyone does have the duty to take responsibility for their actions (and thus ready to deal with the possible consequences of sharing sex if they choose to do so).
Sorry for the wall of text. A more skilled writer than myself could express matters more concisely. I do promise I am working on becoming better.
Aulleas123 said:
I've met a few people (not a lot, but a few) who argue from a pro-life stance while being agnostic or atheist. Not all of the pro-life arguments are focused on religion or on what God wills.
This is absolutely true. In fact, one of the mothers I mentioned above who kept her child in spite of not intendinng to have one veers between agnosticism and mild paganism and at the same time has very strong beliefs about the sanctity of all life.
Lieju said:
Whenever people talk about abortions, they seem to turn it into black-and-white, yes-or-no question, which it is not.
There is no moment in fetal development where we can clearly say we have a new human individual there, it's a gradual process, and a zygote should not have the same rights as a 9-months old fetus that is about to be born any day and can easily survive without the mother.
Estelindis said:
No one has the right to kill a defenceless child, whether that child is born or unborn.
What is your definition for a child? At which point of the fertilization/pregnancy it should be considered a human?
Please consider my reply to Mandalore above also a response to you. Hopefully you do not find it too black and white. (Though I believe one must recognise as black or white anything that actually *is* black or white, people are often far too eager to simplify these issues and lose out on much on their inherent complexity.)