Anton P. Nym said:
A flat tax either pounds the poor even further into the dirt or it starves the government of funds until it can no longer function.
This sentence tells you 90% of what you need to know about flat tax. But since I hate being a yes man I'll add some text. Say we applied flat tax to the US (we all understand America to some degree). There are three broad options about where to set the tax rate relative to current rates: lower than the lowest level; higher than the highest; and somewhere in between.
If you chose the first answer, I applaud you in principle; but hope you're an economic and governmental genius coz you need to make a fraction of the money do a shitload more than it used to under the previous system. I'm assuming you chose this option because you believe that a paycheck is the right of the earner to spend as much as is possible while still keeping government running properly. While I'd be the first to put the ax to most developed nations' budgets (which isn't to say I don't think they're also underspending in some areas) I'd still be surprised to see any government function on 10% [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Income_tax_in_the_United_States#Year_2009_Income_Brackets_and_Tax_Rates] of everybody's wages.
If you choose door number 3 (>35%) I'd say you haven't read the paragraph above and deserve to be slapped.
If you chose the second option, we might be cooking with gas. The next dilemma is one of balance: how much extra will you tax the bottom for the sake of fairness and how much of the, IIRC, 85% of all taxes that the rich 50% of America pay are you willing to surrender - also in the name of fairness? You can't win both battles if you want a flat rate: tax the bottom more or surrender the vast majority of government funds.
Personally, while I prefer low taxes on principle (not much over a third of every dollar IMO, though I'll compromise some way if those extra cents are really getting a good workout) I think flat taxes is looking at the issue from the wrong way around; most countries could lower taxes for everybody if only they were viciously honest in cutting the cruft of their current system. Pork-barreling; massive subsidies to prop up industries that could pay for themselves if their worst practices - and practitioners - were just allowed to die naturally as the market demands; misguided social engineering that
just doesn't do what it says on the box - if these were all cut by government it could turn right around and tell its taxpayers that they'll be taxed less
and get better value for money, and without the extra burden on the poor or a starvation diet for government. By definition, a government with the balls and power to push through a gorramn flat tax should have the same ability to do the above.
PS: Am I the only one who, when very young, thought the Taxpayer was a single man who funded everything? At that age few kids would have known the difference between "taxpayers' " and "taxpayer's", and all I ever heard on the radio was "that's coming right out of the Taxpayer's pocket" and other sloppy terms that conflated singular and plural. I imagined a jolly old man in a nice suit whose wealth was surpassed only by his passion for philanthropy.