AvroLancaster said:
Firstly, this is a long post, and I'm exhausted, so I will probably miss something, but hey I'm trying.
On to the good stuff. Governments don't need to be feared, but any objective look at history shows that governments will eventually start exploiting their people, it begins with corruption and it ends at tyranny. They need to be watched, "The price of Freedom is Constant Vigilance" and all that. At the same time, you are one hundred percent correct in that no government in the west is anywhere close to tyranny at this moment.
I was a little unclear it seems. I didn't mean to imply that the McDonald's/Box scenario is always or even usually the fault of the person involved, sometimes bad stuff happens and you end up in a bad situation. But I don't think it's as bad as people make it out to be. I know people who made enough of a living on minimum wage to eventually get an education and good job.
And there are plenty of jobs that pay well that require no connections or education. I can name 2 right off the top of my head that people I know got without any connections or education, that pay better money than most people make with college degree level jobs. Still, most times these people do need help for one reason or another, but if you drop out of high school in the 10th grade because "you just don't see the point" (I know several people who said exactly that, and weren't even failing) then you reap what you sow.
On a slightly less relevant, but very important(IMO) note: Talent has nothing to do with opportunity. Talent is mostly made up of practice anyway, if you work hard enough you really can get good at just about anything. and even skill has nothing to do with equal opportunity. That said, i agree with you, equal opportunity in the sense that it's used today is complete bull, but i dont' think that's a problem. The world needs janitors as much as it needs engineers(more probably) and if they can live off their wage(I know that's a big if in the current state of affairs, but that's more of a comment on the economy than the fairness of human inequality) than they should be left where they are, life is what you make it.
The comment about the government swooping in has more to do with my observations of the current trends in our society, most notable "No(Every)child left behind" style of education, and frivolous lawsuits among others, which I believe are leading towards a society with no accountability and no real freedom.(very long term). Not really anything to do with your comments, a bit of a projection on my part, but I'm exhausted and I guess I did a little of "seeing what I expected to see."
Another tangent: I'm against universal healthcare. I think it's stupid simply because federal level governments are horribly inefficient and corrupt. We would be much better off if we took steps to reduce the cost of healthcare. it has skyrocketed in the past 30-40 years(both my parents and one of my aunts and 2 of my cousins work in healthcare) mostly because of ludicrous malpractice lawsuits and over-regulation. Over-regulation makes it so that a small doctors office that should only need one doctor, one or two nurses, and a receptionist now requires 2 doctors, 5 or more nurses, and 3 secretaries to fill out all of the paperwork and to meet all the procedure requirments. If we cut healthcare costs by reducing regulation(within reason), reducing or preventing frivolous malpractice lawsuits, than it would be much more successful than giving a mandatory universal health insurance. In places where it's particularly bad(like America) you could even pay some operating costs with the federal government, like utilities and healthcare and pensions for employees, than you could make health insurance affordable for more people at a lower cost than by nationalizing health insurance(IMHO)
Ur last 3 paragraphs are a little unclear to me in my current state, so feel free to point out if you think i misunderstood you.
Point of Fact: I would consider myself a reform liberal as well(well, technically I consider myself an independent, but my personal beliefs and philosophy are almost identical to John Stuart Mill, which is very close to what you are describing) so I'm not disagreeing with you on any major points, just pointing out some places where I believe this type of liberal thought requires some closer examination.
Beyond that, "Your freedom ends where mine begins. Mine ends where yours begins." sounds really pretty, but it's not nearly so simple as that. To take an extreme example that my philosophy professor used in my class last semester: If the government makes it illegal for one man to punch another in the face for no reason, is that government protecting a person's right to not get punched in the face, or infringing a person's right to punch someone in the face?"
Like I said, it's a very moral statement, "your freedom ends where mine begins. Mine ends where yours begins," but it is functionally useless, because it does nothing to define that line in any real sense, because protecting someone from another person is inherently taking away the other person's right to harm them.
To put an example, of my own creation, on the other side of things. Children are abused all the time, by their parents, or through their parent's ineptitude. Therefore, to protect the right's of those children not to be abused, shouldn't we prevent felon's from keeping children, or take it one step further, shouldn't we just create boarding/school-esk facilities where all children must be raised by law, so that they cannot be abused by family members? It would also do away with many of the inequalities you mentioned earlier. But while it would protect the right's of the children, it would remove, or at least heavily limit, the rights of the parents.
Or perhaps something a little more realistic, like the abortion debate. Do you unilaterally protect the unborn child's right to life, or do you protect the mother's right to decide the fate of her own body? Or let's talk about many penal codes which regulate how high your grass can grow. Should we force someone to keep their lawn at a low height to encourage high property values, or should we protect that person's right to decide what he does with his own property?
The line is not simple to draw, and that is really where most political debates spring from, where to draw that line. I doubt you will find many people who would disagree with the statement that "your freedom ends where mine begins. Mine ends where yours begins." and yet there are as many different opinions on law, philosophy, and politics as there are people.
I can even apply your reasoning to create something of a logical paradox. If a person should always be free, unless it interferes with the freedom of another, than shouldn't that person be free to give up that freedom?
Finally, you don't come off as confrontational at all, and I apologize if I do. If I attack flaws in ur logic, it's not because i think that you're wrong, but because i think that every philosophy has some flaws in it, and the only way we can fix that is by thinking about it.
As for us already working out who will watch the watchers, I think you would be surprised. In my opinion, the US government is already something of a circus to create the illusion of an illusion of choice(God that's confusing, i will try to clarify tomorrow if you want) rather than a true meaningful representational government, and i think this happened because our founding fathers chose the wrong people to watch the watchers. Still, It has been a pretty damn good compromise, and will continue to be for a long time yet to come.
"On to the good stuff. Governments don't need to be controlled, but any objective look at history shows that governments will eventually start exploiting their people"
I'd say that a truly objective view on history probably wouldn't make moral judgements such as what constitutes exploitation, however, I'd say in long-form human history we basically have only a few epochs, first a nomadic paleolithic era, a communal-farming neolithic era, thousands of years of strife, the enlightenment and modern era. In every era there has been what I would consider, rather defensibly I'd presume, near total exploitation of populace by their governments, every era except the first that is. Could you tell me, where this historical case you are referencing comes from? I do not know of a single government that started off unexploitative that gradually moved towards exploitation (before you reference Fascism, those were not gradual!). A handful of countries with their modern democracies exist in a state of what I would consider to be the least exploitative era of the existence of man since paleolithic times. People are still exploited in these countries, but less by their governments and more by the corrupting hand of private enterprise. I do not disagree with you that it is a logical next step that a good government given the power to exploit its people may over a very long period of time try to, I just think that the government, although it should be carefully watched, does not represent an omnipotent force that wishes to control us, again, at least not Western Democracy anyway.
"I was a little unclear it seems. I didn't mean to imply that the McDonald's/Box scenario is... the fault of the person involved... I know people who made enough of a living on minimum wage to eventually get an education and good job."
Then I inferred this in error. Nevertheless it leads into a point I'd like to make; I believe that an individual who makes terrible decisions should not be denied the same freedom as an individual who makes the most calm, level-headed, well thought out, logically sound, and rational decisions. I don't think that this is a stance that is or should be controversial. Also, minimum wage is a program that does protect the freedom of an individual, when tied to a cost of living - either speculative or real, it may not provide an individual with a very satisfying or wealthy life, but it does protect them from being forced into wage-slaving by private enterprise, it preserves freedom.
"On a slightly less relevant, but very important(IMO) note: Talent has nothing to do with opportunity. Talent is mostly made up of practice anyway..."
I would respectfully disagree with you on this point. However much I would like to believe that natural talent is an illusion, the facts, both genetic and sociological, do not support this belief. It is true that hard work may trump talent, but the hard work of the untalented will always be trumped by the hard work of the talented. Whatever the case though, I feel that this has been debated far more in-depthly, and far more convincingly on both sides, by men of far greater stature than both of us combined and represents the so called struggle between "nature and nurture" within the various scientific institutions and publications of the world and I am willing to leave it at that.
"Another tangent: I'm against universal healthcare. I think it's stupid simply because federal level governments are horribly inefficient and corrupt..."
I will vehemently disagree with you on this point Spartan. I am Canadian, and I have seen our Health Care system wonderfully and publicly managed on a single-payer government monopoly (for the most part) model for my entire life, and I have seen it run only slightly less than perfectly given the resources at hand and the sparseness of our population. I will give you an example. Until recently wait times for diagnostic scanning tests in Canada were bordering on the insane, but with proper investment 6 years ago our government made the proper expansions and now they are still what some would consider unacceptably high, but are now within internationally accepted ranges. The Canadian Government, in coordination with the Provinces acted in a way that was timely, rational, compassionate and guaranteed an improved quality of life for Canadians, and a strengthened social safety net for years to come. I wouldn't call that stupid, horribly inefficient or corrupt - even in jest!
"We would be much better off if we took steps to reduce the cost of healthcare. it has skyrocketed in the past 30-40 years..."
The skyrocketing cost of health care, if we are to use that term, is related to advances in technology in most Western countries. It is unavoidable and requires a careful compromise that is difficult and unpalatable even amongst ethicists - the just allocation of scarce resources. In the USA costs are inflated by another factor as well as the rising cost of new technology - the HMO. It represents a middleman not seen in countries with Universal Health Care, one that robs the consumer and inflates the cost of doing business. They provide no necessary service and reap obscene profits. Canada spends the least out of any Western country on health care per capita - and we have the best results according to the medical evidence. We have no HMOs.
"mostly because of ludicrous malpractice lawsuits and over-regulation..."
Over-regulation? I fail to see that. I think that the system south of the border may appear to be only over-regulated as a symptom of an unsustainable system. As long as there is a businessman in between the patient and their doctor, costs will inflate and people will suffer. A single-payer system with a government monopoly is not the only viable option, but it is a good one. It is one where every doctor is a government employee and the standards of their practice are not standards of business, but standards of ethics. Imagine a system where no doctor sets their own prices. In Canada a family doctor starts at $200,000 a year salary, they end their practice making $250,000 per year unless they also do other things. Doctors don't collect Ferraris here while children go unvaccinated. Remove the business aspect of medicine and you remove much of the cost of doing said business.
As for the frivolous lawsuits, I believe that this represents a much deeper problem than can be answered by health care reform. However, imagine a system where one does not need to sue to keep both their thumbs after an accident or surgical mistake - one where no insurance company makes this necessary or attractive - and I imagine you would have solved half the problem right there.
"Ur last 3 paragraphs are a little unclear to me in my current state, so feel free to point out if you think i misunderstood you."
No problem
"Point of Fact: I would consider myself a reform liberal as well(well, technically I consider myself an independent..."
I really feel I need to talk to you more to understand this position. I mean private messaging or something. I really think I might be misunderstanding American terminology and would like to inform myself of it. I always imagined "Independent" as a lack of affiliation with or support for any particular political party. It seems that you are using this word to mean a completely different thing though - you are using it to denote a political philosophy (unless I am mistaken). I would really like to discuss this with you further to fully grasp the American meaning of this word.
"To take an extreme example that my philosophy professor used in my class last semester: If the government makes it illegal for one man to punch another in the face for no reason, is that government protecting a person's right to not get punched in the face, or infringing a person's right to punch someone in the face?""
That's it though, all Liberal Democracies (a distinction that is identical to my previous use of "Western" but more precise) must make a compromise in such situations. This compromise is where opinions differ, but usually it will favour those who have less power in any given conflict. I will not, nor could I ever hope to, provide judgement on every single compromise, but this will lead into my next point.
"Like I said, it's a very moral statement, "your freedom ends where mine begins. Mine ends where yours begins," but it is functionally useless, because it does nothing to define that line in any real sense, because protecting someone from another person is inherently taking away the other person's right to harm them."
You've hit the nail on the head! It is a moral. It is a guiding principle behind the law- but not the law itself. It is a similar maxim as "do onto others as you would have them do onto you" in that it advocates no specific action, it defines no specific rules, and yet it can immediately be understood for what it is - a philosophy that informs the law. As I said before, the law, at least through a (reform?) liberal viewpoint anyway, is a series of compromises between individuals informed by this one guiding principle. Any good law is written in this context, any good government is guided by it, and the bad counterparts of both are devoid of it.
"Do you unilaterally protect the unborn child's right to life, or do you protect the mother's right to decide the fate of her own body? Or let's talk about many penal codes which regulate how high your grass can grow."
This is totally personal opinion here, but I think the more pressing issue in the abortion debate is can we classify the unborn as persons? If so then abortion is obviously wrong; if not then it is as obviously benign an action as lancing a cyst and it would be tyrannical to deny a woman the right to such a procedure. There is no middle ground. Also, I consider items as ephemeral and speculative as property value to be such a poor justification for removing someone's rights that I can never see it to be fair. I should be able to paint my garage door plaid if I want to!
But from this we have healthy debate. From Liberalism every contentious issue is seen as an issue of compromise between two sides informed by that one guiding principle. What we do not have is invocations of right or wrong, and we certainly do not have personality politics or people's best guesses as to what God's opinion on a subject is.
I feel the rest of your on-topic post is an affirmation of what I have now laid before you. Except I see this as evidence that Reform Liberalism isn't just an intelligent or informed choice as a political philosophy - it is the only rational one.
"Finally, you don't come off as confrontational at all, and I apologize if I do. If I attack flaws in ur logic, it's not because i think that you're wrong, but because i think that every philosophy has some flaws in it, and the only way we can fix that is by thinking about it."
In all honesty I didn't think I did either, but I was aware that it could be a possibility. I preemptively made that statement to make sure as to not stifle the seed of a debate that was so wonderfully sprouting forth. Also, I'm Canadian.
"As for us already working out who will watch the watchers, I think you would be surprised. In my opinion, the US government is already something of a circus to create the illusion of an illusion of choice(God that's confusing, i will try to clarify tomorrow if you want) rather than a true meaningful representational government, and i think this happened because our founding fathers chose the wrong people to watch the watchers. Still, It has been a pretty damn good compromise, and will continue to be for a long time yet to come."
I would like an explanation. I also agree with you. The Jeffersonian system has major flaws - but so does the Westminster system! The difference is that in the Westminster system the flaws are anticipated and there is a system in place to lessen their effect - largely due to the age of the system and the trial and error that has gone on for centuries, not some enlightened status. The major problem with the Jeffersonian system is that it incorrectly selects its enemies. To Jefferson (and others), the major enemy of democracy was the rise of a tyrant, probably from the military who would form out of their bureaucratic framework an administrative dictatorship or an empire (they were looking back at Julius Caesar). What Jefferson et al could not foresee was that in the American system people would organise into self-interested and powerful groups who would use their power to lobby the government. These groups have no interest in real political power, just making things better for their members often at the cost of the rest of society. The American Founders anticipated a Caesar or Napoleon (who came afterwards, whatever) when the real enemy of the system were the merchants and Barons of industry. The difference is that Caesar wants to take over the system and destroy it, the Barons just want a cut of the action, and so the system is corrupted by them as a result.
Also, this is our contribution to this thread! How original is a calm, respectful political debate that didn't mention Hitler and leads to mutual enlightenment for all involved amirite?[/quote]
Ok, I'm going to try to keep my response brief to avoid cluttering the forum because I think messages would probably work better at this point with how long and involved our responses are becoming.
I do believe that natural talent exists, but I wouldn't consider to have anything to do with equal opportunity. It's ability to pursue opportunity, not opportunity itself, and I don't believe we should interfere with that. The only way you can give someone who is not talented, the same chance to be X as someone who is, is to put someone who is worse at the job in the position, and that would be bad for society as a whole. So long as they have enough opportunity to work hard at what they choose to do, then it's their choice over whether or not they choose to do so. I wouldn't want an engineer who was bad at math to design my airplane, but one who had had to work his/her butt off to learn math would probably do a better job than someone who math came easy to, and definitely wouldn't do any worse a job.
Firstly, I meant to say feared, not controlled, but that doesn't really have much of an impact on what you said. There are many cases where representative governments devolved into dictatorships gradually. Not gradually in historical terms, but gradual in human terms. It's the only way that a representative government can devolve into a dictatorship, slowly enough that the people don't realize where the steps are going until it's too late to change it. Rome is the big example. If my recollection of history class is correct, Napoleon became a dictator in what was originally a representational government, so there's another. Nazi Germany, if I remember correctly, started as a representational government and in a couple of years this was more of an illusion than the true reality of government.
Needless to say, my recollection of history is spotty, so I'm going to stick with the Rome example because it's the one I remember best. Rome's decline to an empire as opposed to a republic was very gradual. The big changes were very rapid, but the environment for them to occur was evolving for generations. Bread and circus to keep the people distracted while enough small changes were made that a dictator could take power.
I can't speak for health care anywhere else, but here in NY state, I have a lot of relatives who work in healthcare and we've had discussions about this a lot. According to them, in the last 20 years the cost to have a baby in the hospital has tripled, not because of any real increase in how expensive the procedures are or anything like that, but because the doctors have to pay massive amounts, sometimes hundreds of thousands of dollars a year, for malpractice insurance. Also, just staying in the hospital, using nothing but a bed had almost tripled in cost because paperwork caused by regulation requires the hospital have many more people on staff than they need for just the medicine.
and this is just the worst example, the cost of surgery has increased almost for no other reason than frivolous malpractice suits. Anesthesiologists have to have hundreds of thousands in malpractice insurance. To give you an idea of how much of the cost this is, a friend of mine is a low-responder to drugs. He had to have surgery on his lungs, and it took 3 doses of anesthesia to put him out, and another because he started to wake up part way through. The surgery was supposed to cost under $3,000 and ended up costing well over $6,000 just because of the extra anesthesia and the added risk the anesthesiologist took by giving him such a high dangerous dose.
True enough this can't be answered by just health-care reform, but it could be a beginning
You are of course correct, some of the increase in costs is simply because medicine is more expensive, but if you cut out a lot of the unnecessary costs here in the US, the cost would drop dramatically.
When I said I was independent, I was talking about not affiliating myself with any party. I just described my views, very briefly, to give you an idea of what my political position was.
I do not believe that the Jeffersonian system is flawed because it places the risk of a potential tyrant to be the main threat, I think that is a very real threat that it needs to be watched closely. However, I think there is a bigger threat that has come about from the reforms that have been instituted since his time, specifically the universal 'right' to vote. I think that making voting a right has caused American politics to have absolutely nothing to do with politics.
It's a theater, a giant act. Most people no longer vote for the politician who will make the changes they want, because campaign promises are nothing but lies. 3 years ago we elected a democratic majority based on an end to our involvement in Iraq, that never happened. This is just one example.
I believe that voting should be a privilege, earned by showing a functional understanding of the political system, economics, and probably a little bit of understanding the geopolitical situation, at least knowing who the main allies and enemies of your country are, and who the major players in the global climate are as well.
As for barons and merchants, I disagree a little bit. I think that statement implies a distrust of capitalism, but I think capitalism is the best system so far conceived of. far from perfect, but the best of a bad lot, so to speak. I think capitalism would work very well, and perhaps become the ideal system if regulation was no longer focused on shutting down monopolies and ect, because big business will always find a way to exploit the consumers, whether it be monopoly, oligopoly, or some other situation not yet thought of. The place to focus regulation is to give small businesses enough advantages and protections that they can compete with big business(IMO). I think that is the best way to go.
Nice last point. Well, that was significantly more long-winded than I was going for, but I didn't want to leave any of your points unanswered.