There is another way of approaching this than "Parody", something that is considered within the scope of parody: the PasticheSoranMBane said:Basically, to make the game work as a true parody of American pop culture, I'd have to completely retool the character, or, rather, retool the way the world around Duke reacts to him. Duke Nukem is not cool
No, that is not Sean Connery trying to order some Cornish Pasties, a Pastiche is something like Austin Powers of Team America, it is an irreverent and over-the-top take on something without going to the point of satire, which in this case would be attacking it through the humour of subversion.
Now Austin Power and Team America are pastiches of what they represent, parody but still having them as ultimately be the heroes and beneficial to the values we all agree with.
Look I liked Austin Powers but I wouldn't want EVERY protagonist to be like him, he is good because he is unlike all the others. Same with Duke Nukem. He was somewhat of an anachronism when he first appeared and is definitely one now, and that is where the humour can come.
Jim Sterling IS RIGHT, Duke Nukem thinks he is cool when he is not cool, but he is wrong as that in itself can make him cool again just like for the Austin Powers character. Austin Powers (the character) thought he was cool, though he was not not cool with his swinging 60's attitude in the 90's... so uncool that he actually became cool again from his sheer chutzpah.
That's what Duke needed to do, and seems to have failed to do, he needs to have his 80-90's excess fail flat yet not give up and persevere anyway. Also confound his critics by having his enemies just the way he knows best to counter.
Duke needed to have those Liz Hurley "Reaaaally, Austin" moments as in "Duke, This isn't the 90's any more..."
By the way, Team America only worked because it had an over the top representation of Kim Jong Ill as the antagonist, same for Austin Powers vs Dr Evil, what Duke Nukem needed was a larger than life villain that means they'd need him even in this modern 2010's. Something it lacked.