Yup. My personal timeline of the innovators of the horror genre goes like this: Poe - Lovecraft - King.DeathWyrmNexus said:[
Pretty much this. He is pretty much the reason we have any good horror as he more or less gave birth to modern horror.
I did a lot of research into Lovecraft whilst I was at university and can safely say that, despite his obvious racism, Lovecraft was exceptional at what he did. His prose is a bit awkward, yes, but that's pretty much a result of the time he lived in.
Cthulu, as many people have already stated, is only featured in one story. Sometimes he's referred to in others but most of Lovecraft's work have nothing to do with Cthulu at all.
Lovecraft's fiction was spurred on by the unknown and man's relationship with it. In his essay Supernatural Horror in Literature, Lovecraft opens by saying: "The oldest and strongest emotion of mankind is fear, and the oldest and strongest kind of fear is fear of the unknown." The idea behind a lot of Lovecraft's work is that man cannot comprehend certain things; a feeling directly related to, as others have said before me, the progresses of science during the early 20th century. Lovecraft was specifically interested in space, That infinitely huge and terrifyingly daunting unknown. As a result, his writing explored the idea surrounding fears of infinitely unknowable things.
Cthulu epitomises this idea completely. Cthulu acts as the ultimate unknown, that's why whoever learns about or sees this god-like being goes utterly mad.