GabeZhul said:
I personally prefer "scientific" magic, aka. magic that doesn't just work because "a wizard did it" but through actually explained, detailed metaphysics that tweak the actual physical world instead of creating matter out of thin air.
This summarises exactly how far this thread goes in missing the point.
When you can break magic down into clear types, with absolute and consistent results according to methodology, it ceases to be magic. We live in a world where, religious or not, we put great faith in the scientific method. We grow up believing that in correctly controlled conditions, the application of a method with the right components will produce a predictable result.
This contrasts excruciatingly with actual folk and religious beliefs concerning magic, where magic isn't based on a correct method, but a correct
meaning. Unlike D&D, video games and whatnot, these beliefs don't allow you to sink a universal magical resource and a correct method into a fantasy reconstruction of science. What's nearly universally important is the symbolism in one's actions. For instance, say that you have a vendetta against someone, and you want to hurt them in a way that doesn't involve violence or other literally injurious methods. What you might do is take a wilted rose and leave it under their bed, rendering them infertile after they sleep on it.
That method makes absolutely no objective sense, but it makes a lot of "gut sense". Roses symbolise fertility, and a wilted rose is a potent symbol of decay. A bed is a place of rest, primarily, but also carries sexual connotations. Historically speaking, many children will have been conceived and delivered upon the same bed, so all these elements relate to one another and relate to the intent of the person laying the curse. The belief that the symbolism in one's actions will produce a practical result is the essence of magic, and it's a primary element that separates the likes of Middle Earth and the Earthsea chronicles from much of contemporary fantasy.
What makes more traditional magic so good is that, because it's based on the meanings behind actions, it's inherently a potent storytelling tool rather than a mechanical tool. In a video game, casting a fireball spell to destroy an enemy is close to meaningless, but magic isn't used that way in more developed stories. There are even mechanical systems that aim to make magic feel much more magical by imposing risk; Warhammer Fantasy has a system where you can miscast and have your spellcaster sucked into the aether, attract the attention of demons, straight up explode and more.
In essence, magic is about filling the holes left by ignorance with meanings we construct. When everything can be plotted out and neatly arranged, there's no lack of knowledge to fill, no unpredictability and, most importantly, no meaning to actually express. Magic is most certainly not about raining fire upon one's enemies, summoning the dead, creating matter out of nothing or anything of the sort. Those are just superficial acts of spectacle, not the actual stuff of magic.