Gods, me and my secretary were yammering about this very topic at work... Like all day long, since we had f**kall to do.
Basically my biggest beef with the education system in Canada is that it is a senseless punishment inflicted on all children for the sake of appearances. The idea of learning truly useless things for the sake of learning HOW to learn is ludicrous. What SHOULD be taught in school, at least in my opinion, are skills that will actually come in handy when you enter the workforce. However, if we taught people job-useable skills in highschool, we'd be treading on the college's and universities' feet and get them all pissed off because THEY can't make us pay them money to teach us basics we should have known before graduation.
The entire point behind the public education system was to free children from having to follow in their father/mother's careers. Unless you were born wealthy and had a formal education, your lot in life was that you would learn the skills of your father's trade, or be apprenticed to another person to learn his line of work. Public education meant that commoners were no longer bound to that path. But these days, instead of learning a broad range of skills to give you career options, students learn absolutely nothing.
So while it may be a slight step backwards to make the education system guide people to a specific career, it is in fact a step forward from where we are, in that right now they end up with nothing, my way they'd have at least something. And if the student is given the choice as to what path he wishes to take, all the better.
Specifics...
Math (Grades 1-8) - WHO THE FUCK NEEDS ALL THIS HIGHER-LEVEL MATH? For those who are destined to be engineers, some of grade-12 level stuff may actually be of use, but for the average person, nothing is gained by learning conics and spherical trigonometry. Everyone should learn the basics, including fractions, simple geometry, light algebra (solve-for-X kinda stuff) and a very strong emphasis on interest (basic and compounded) and other financially-relevant math processes. Added to the course should be the basics of accounting, including how to work spreadsheets and compile simple accounting forms (balance sheet, cash logs, statement of accounts). Not high-end accounting, leave that for those who wish to become accountants, but every person holding a G.E.D. in my opinion should have the basic skills to balance their own finances. That kind of mathematics has much more life-use than the ability to plot graphs on a TI-83 calculator. If the useless crap of the math curriculum is removed and the courses become more functional than the repetitive shit we go through now, an average student should learn all he/she needs by the grade-8 level.
Directed Math Studies (Grades 9-12) - For the students who feel comfortable with numbers, courses in more specialized math should be offered, but not the catch-all advanced math classes we get these days. Don't try to teach them something about everything, teach them everything about something. Specific courses for accounting and business finances would be one option, a second in higher-level geometry for the architect/engineer-to-be, and complex formulas for the engineer/scientist.
English (Grades 1-12) - English is, at least for Canada and the US, a must-know subject. Bilingual nation or not, English is the primary language in both our lands, and it is the recognized "earth" language. If anything, the English courses in highschool are too easy and direction-less. Cut out the poetry and "classical literature" portion of the course, and focus more on proper grammar, spelling, and punctuation. Set the more "artsy" English material aside as a separate course for those who wish to learn it, but the linguistic abilities of this nation are abysmal, and need to be corrected.
Science (Grades 1-6) - A general knowledge on basic science is a good thing. Everyone should know about electric current, mechanical mixtures vs solutions, and basic physics concepts like gravity. But how things are now, you do a generalized science course until about grade 9 or 10, then two years of being able to take a specific science (Chem, Bio, Physics). People would be better off only taking generalized science until highschool/junior high, then once they hit post-elementary they should start on a specialization. Why waste three or four years more of generalized crap? Six years of Biology in highschool will yield a smarter biologist than one with two years, but a smattering of physics knowledge. Nothing says a student can't take two or more different sciences, and for some, why waste any time with science at all?
I could go into others, but this has become a much longer post than I intended...