I've thought a bit about this in the past. But I am really not sure what to say, so I'll dig into my mind and see what I find.
First, minor background. I'm a male, and I've never had a girlfriend.
The closest I ever got to getting a girlfriend was pre-highschool. We got to the point where physical contact was an element (note: lying in bed close, without kissing nor other sexual activities). In the end, this never resulted in a full relationship. And for many reasons I'm very glad it didn't.
Interesting to note, however, is that I was generally ridiculously insecure at the time. That is easily the reason it never evolved into a full relationship, but she nevertheless showed me a lot of interest. In other words, she liked me (as far as I remember, she openly did tell me that). I think she was easily waiting for me to make a move, while I was not by far confident enough to be able to do so.
However, I'm extremely sure she was very insecure herself, and the type who "goes around". She have had (quite) a few relationships before I entered the picture. I remember she telling me something along the lines of "You may be thinking that I'm a <girl-who-goes-around>, because of this and that, but I assure you I'm not". Ironically, this gave me the impression that she worried about being such a girl (and she must have had reasons to say so in the first place), therefore she probably did go from guy to guy (From other conversations with her, this belief was strengthened).
This "case study" makes me think that for this 'type' of girl, it doesn't matter how insecure or awkward a guy is, nor whether the guy is a jerk. But, the key point is that a lack of confidence might shut the door.
Now, leaving the world of the needy type, which seems to be where 'nice guys' get the idea of the jerk-girl relationship in the first place (rethinking it, I'm not so sure about that assertion). I want to look at the problem of confidence.
The 'nice guy', which already is a very bad term to describe a lack of confidence, seems to view confidence as a bad thing (at least that is what I used to believe). In their eyes, it seems that confidence makes jerks. I don't agree with that, but I also believe that confidence is a misleading term. I really like the concept of assertiveness for this reason, which essentially is doing what I can to get what I want, without disrespecting anyone in the process.
When I think of the biological aspect of this, I can understand attraction to the alpha-male. The alpha-male is commonly the most dominant character. However, physical dominance (using force and power) is getting archaic in the present day, and social influence takes its place. In short, the jerk is using more primitive methods of attraction.
But I'll scrap the biology of things, as I can't really back it up too well. There may be patterns in what is attractive in the opposite gender, for both males and females, but the deviants outnumber the norm. However, I won't deny for a second that a lack of 'confidence' (ie. the ability to act) also limits results. It is quite obvious, without the ability to act, one can't expect results either.
So, leaving all that aside. I've met more than a few girls who are very far from liking jerks. In fact, I've never seen the girl-jerk relationship in real life. I almost believe it to be a myth.