I am diagnosed with ADD and I get medicine that I take every day to help with my concentration. As soon as I got my diagnosis I also got my prescription to this medicine, I simply go to the drugstore, show ID and pay and I get a bottle that lasts about a month, perhaps a bit more.
The only thing that costs me money is the meds themselves - going on checkups, getting my diagnosis and everything is completely free.
I also recently went to get birth control pills, and since I'm below the age of 21(I just turned 18, today actually) I get them at a HUGE discount. All I did was book a time, go there, tell them why I wanted them and they prescripted them to me, all of that free, except for the pills themselves, but as mentioned, they cost like 4 dollars for three months. Super cheap.
I haven't been in need of any surgery or such though, so I can't tell you much about that.
I have had braces though - dental health care is also free if you're below a certain age. I got my teeth fixed for no money at all.
And if I've understood correctly we get this much free because of the taxes being quite high. As for the economy with the market, stores and prices and whatnot, the most I've personally noticed are the prices for games raising, but that's because they're more expensive to make now which is perfectly understandable.
The price on Coca-Cola though has also been increasing which I don't quite understand. It's only an about 2-8 SEK(0.70-1.20 dollars) increase but it's still annoying.
Sorry if this isn't the information you wanted, I'm quite hungry and distracted. Just ask me if there's anything specific you want to know.