I'm guessing that your talking about universities and colleges in the U.S. In Canada, tuition is fairly affordable (the University of Alberta, where I go to, is maybe 7 grand a year if you take 10 classes). Yes, universities are businesses. However, they thrive on the business of selling and obtaining knowledge. As such, they allow people to express and share ideas without any major repercussions. Yes, in a 400 person class, you won't be getting much discussion, but there are many classes, particularly in upper years (300+ level classes typically) that focus on discussion, as there are maybe 30-50 students in the class. And if you go into graduate school, then it's especially focused on discussion and freedom of thought.
Essentially it goes like this
1st year-> mostly pure learning, huge classes. Maybe a couple smaller classes where discussion occurs and thrives
2nd year-> more learning, but classes are maybe 1/4th the size of the 1st year classes, discussions encouraged further
3rd and 4th years-> some learning classes most of which are very small, many of which promote discussion of the topic at hand.
Graduate school-> You are working for a professor, doing many experiments under him or her to publish papers. Free thought and challenging your supervisor with your own ideas is not only permitted, but encouraged as it allows you to grow, and challenge papers that you may see as wrong or convoluted, that you may wish to disprove if it is in your own line of study.
After Grad school, you may be hired back as a professor, where you will use these skills of discussion and challenging the status quo in order to become successful, allowing you to obtain more grants, therefore more graduate students, which give the university more money.
In essence, universities want you to be able discuss and challenge ideas in their environment, simply because it allows them to gain money in research grants, scholarships and more. Yes they are businesses, and they want to make money. But the product they sell is information, and without discussion that they should promote, then their product becomes less valuable and hence, they make less money.
Essentially it goes like this
1st year-> mostly pure learning, huge classes. Maybe a couple smaller classes where discussion occurs and thrives
2nd year-> more learning, but classes are maybe 1/4th the size of the 1st year classes, discussions encouraged further
3rd and 4th years-> some learning classes most of which are very small, many of which promote discussion of the topic at hand.
Graduate school-> You are working for a professor, doing many experiments under him or her to publish papers. Free thought and challenging your supervisor with your own ideas is not only permitted, but encouraged as it allows you to grow, and challenge papers that you may see as wrong or convoluted, that you may wish to disprove if it is in your own line of study.
After Grad school, you may be hired back as a professor, where you will use these skills of discussion and challenging the status quo in order to become successful, allowing you to obtain more grants, therefore more graduate students, which give the university more money.
In essence, universities want you to be able discuss and challenge ideas in their environment, simply because it allows them to gain money in research grants, scholarships and more. Yes they are businesses, and they want to make money. But the product they sell is information, and without discussion that they should promote, then their product becomes less valuable and hence, they make less money.